Base wad



G. W. SCHAUERTE. BASE WAD.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 6, 1922- Patented Dec. 12, 1922.

62-01%: 14 fic/mazers,

Patented Dec. 32, "i922. 7' H I onene s w. sonnun'a'rii, or strait, rmariiors,

, 'ro, oan'rarne-E COMPANY, or new a or nnnawa'an. v

I ass wan.

Application filed May 6, was. Serial No; 559,685.

To all whom it may come m: I of resistance to the tearing forces progresses Be it known that I, GEORGE 'W[ SOHAU- also along that line; It win be evident, Earn, a citizen of the United States, and re.- therefore, that this "arrangement tends to" siding at Alton, county of Madison, Tlliconcentrate the tearing force always at, that nois, have invented the new and useful .Tinpoint 01" the tube where-itis weakest to resist- 6o provement in Base Wads, of which the foltearing. Bas a result of such combination of lowing is a specification.

i v forces, it often happens that in the operation 1 This invention relates to cartridges for -1- ejecting acartric' e,'tl1e basejistOrn-Ofii fire arms, and more particularly to paper; the tube'lett in the barrel. The result shell cartridges, such as are used in shotof this, p'articulariy rrith automatic fir-"" uns and similar arms- 1 arms, is that a newshell will be crowded in Y The ordinary paper tube' cartridge as upon the tube, ramming in the barrel with manuiactured at present is provided with the result that the mechanism'will jam. tubular metal base in whichthe percussion i One of the objects of: this invention, there cap is mounted. The paper tube is mounted fore, is to provide an improved cartridge in within the tubular portion of this base and which the danger of tearing the tube upon a so-called base wad consisting usually of a ejection will be 0b ted. 1 heavy paper plug is mounted within the base Another Object oi this invention isto proof the tube to support the same, on the iuvide a cartridge which the necessary side,while the tubular portion of the metal burning of the tube upon discharge will be 7 base is crimped or otherwise secured torthe confined to; a non-circumferential line or a. paper tube. The base wad thus forms a line of greator'exrent than the circumference backin for the tube so that the crim in o oi the tube taken .at ri ht an les to the axis oration will provide a secure iastening. thereof. 1, p 5

Great diiiiculty isoi'ten experienced with a Another obgect .ot this nvention is to pro- 8 0 cartridge of this type on account oi the vide'such acartridge inwhic'hthe burning burning of the paper tube by the heat genaction. is confined to an undul'atoryline on eratedupon discharge. The usual eXperithe tube. v I V ence is that the paper tube is burned partly sot-her object of this invention is to pro-1 through along circumferential line at the vice zap-er tube cartridge arranged so that 8.5 'erminus of the base wad. The result of theburning will take place in such a way such burning is obviously a weakening of that the forces imposed by the ejecting asthe paper tube along such a circumferential tion will not be concentrated at the burns line. 1 v portion or" the tube.

The ejecting mechanism 0t some fire arms Vurther'objects will appear from the deis arranged to engage a flange on the metal to. 1 description taken in connection with base so as to draw the cartridge from the the acoinpanying drawing, in which:

barrel. This ejecting mechanism usually en .Figure 1 represents a cross sectional view 1 gages the base at only one point in its ciroi cartridge shell embodying thisinvencumt'erence. The result is that thejejecting tion; and v iorces being applied at one pointv of the rim Figure 2 is a pe pective detail of Figure exerts, in addition to the tension necessary 1 showing the structure of the base and the to draw the cartridge from the barrel, a base wad. i

bendiim movement tending to tilt the base Referring to the accom anvino drawing 1 1 r, a t) o1 with respect to the tube. This action tends designates a tubular metallic base. This 18 to produce a heavy stress in the paper tube usually provided at the center with an inat the weakened portion where the tube has turned flange 2 adapted to receive the perbeen burned by the discharge. This strc cussion cap. The paper tube 3 is mounted moreover is concentrated at one side of tine within the tubular base 1 and reentorced tube and, the-reformat practically one point or backed by the base wad a. The tube 1 10-5 of the weakened circumferential line. a may then be crimped or knurled as indiresults in a tearing action, which starts at a cated' at 5, seats to secure the tube 3 in point where the force is first applied and as place. the tear progressesin both directionsalong- The upper edge of the base wad l is the weakened circumferential line, the point provided with an undulatory contour as shown at 6. The base Wad may further be formed as indicated at "2' to receive the percussion cap 9, and may be enlarged as indicated at 8 to permit the gases from the cap to reach the charge.

Upon ignition of the charge, an intensely high temperature flame is usually generated Within the space 8 and immediately for Ward thereof. The result is that the paper tube 3 is often burned Where not protected by the base wad 4-. W'Vith this construction the line of burning of the tube 3 is confined to an undulatory line following the contour of the edge 6.. It may be seen that With this construction the burning cannot take place along a simple circumferential line.

The result of confining the burning to an undulatory line or a non-circumferential line is to vary the direction of the line of burning in relation to the direction of the force applied during the ejecting action. If a tear should be started by the ejecting forces, it will be noted that the direction of the tear must change materially as the tear progresses. The result is that the relative direction of the weakened surface and the applied force Will change andthe force will no longer be applied directly across the tear as VVOUlCl be the case if the burning Were confined to simple circumferential line. It is Well known, of course. that any material will offer a greater resistance to a force applied along the tear than to one applied transversely thereto. By serrating or scalloping the end of the wad, the tube is exposed, at its junction with the base wad, along an extended line, which is greater than its internal circumference; accordingly ininvention is not cidental scoring of the tube is directed along and restricted to this line. hrloreover it is found that by this serrating or scalloping the scoring is mainly restricted to the valleys, so that the scoring is mainly at spaced points and not along a continuous line; this still further obviates fracture of the tube. It Will thus be evident that in a cartridge constructed according to this invention, the liability to tear upon ejection will be obviated.

It is obvious that various changes may be made in details of construction Without departing from the spirit of this invention; it is, therefore, to be understood that this details shown and described.

Having thus described is claimed is:

1. A paper tube cartridge having a base Wad With its end formed to describe a line of juncture with the tube of reater length than the internal circumference of the tube.

2. A. paper tube cartridge having a base wad having its end formed to provide an undulating line of juncture with the tube.

ii. paper tube cartridge having a base wad, the end of which is serrated.

A paper tube cartridge having a base is formed to direct inci- Wad Whose end dental scoring of the tube along a line greater than its internal circumference.

A paper tube cartridge having a base Wad Whose end is formed to restrict incidental scoring of the tube at spaced points.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature this 15th day of April, 1922.

GEORGE W. SOHAUERTE.

to be limited to the specific the invention, What 

